Improvement in autographic telegraph-transmitters



z Sheets-Shetl. W. E. SAWYER.

AUTOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH TRANS MITTERS. No. 195,236. Patented Sept.18,1877.

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No. 195,235, Patented Sept.18,1877.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Orrron.

WILLIAM E. SAWYER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN AUTOGRAPHIC TELEGRAPH-TRANSMITTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 195,236, dated September 18,1877 application filed July 9, 1877.

sion of a message is in part effected by means of insulating-lines of writing upon a conducting-surface. The usual manner of securing this condition is by writing with an insulatingink upon metalized paper.

In Letters Patent heretofore granted to me the message is written upon ordinary paper in a special ink, and thence transferred by pressure to a metallic sheet.

The object of my present invention is to render it possible to transmit a message written with an ordinary pencil upon ordinary paper directly from the paper upon which the message is written, without having recourse to transferring or other preparatory processes.

This I accomplish in the following manner: Under the message-blank to be written upon is placed a sheet of blotting-paper or other yielding substance. Writing with ordinary firmness with a pencil or any hard point, the lines of writing appear in relief upon the reverse side of the blank. In this condition the blank is placed around the transmitting-cylinder, the reverse or embossed side outermost, and a style attached to a car moving longitudinally alongside the cylinder is caused, by 001]]- ing in contact with the raised lines of writing, to close or break the circuit.

1 am aware that it is old to use fillets of paper embossed in Morse telegraphic characters to make or break a connection but the apparatus employed for such purpose is inapplicable to an autographic telegraph, wherein the conditions are difierent.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure l is a plan view, showing the connections at the transmitting and receiving stations; and Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are detail views of the transmitter.

The cylinders K in standards k k and P in standards I Z are revolved in syuchronism by any suitable mechanism. Thecars L L, moved along upon the railways N N N N by the cylinders. The springO, fastened to the receiving-car L by screw g, carries the recording point or style h, which is held in place by screw z. The cylinder is connected to the line-wire and the style to earth.

The transmitting-styleis held by the weighted arm A, having its bearingf on screws j j. The beveled wheel or roller F in forked rod B has two functions-first, to keep the arm A the required distance from the cylinder without unnecessary friction; and, second, to cut through the embossed lines of writing without flattening them down. This rod slides in a slot in arm A, being drawn up by nut O and pressed down by spiral spring D. The style 0 upon flat spring H is held in position by binding-postl, setin and insulated byJ from arm A. At its free end the spring is provided with a contact-point, c, which normally touches contact-point d of bent arm E, which is itself adjustable up and down by means of slots out into it and screws to a setting into arm A. The screw G, in insulation e and provided with cam b, is for the purpose of regulating the upward movement of spring H.

The operation of the transmitter is as follows: The rod B is lowered by nutO until the point a is just prevented from touching the blank or level portion of the message by reason of the contact-points c and d coming together. Whatever irregularity there may be in the surface of the message or the cylinder is compensated by the roller F, which always preserves the height of the style 0, the weighted arm A being free to rise and fall in its trunnion-bearings. As the cylinder in revolving brings a line of writing, is, beneath point 0, the spring H rises, and connection between 0 and d is broken, and an impulse of electricity is transmitted over the line. As soon as the embossed edge has passed the point a the connection between 0 and dis restored. As the point 0 ultimately traces over the entire surface of the message, and as at every break between c and d the receiving-style makes a mark, it is obvious that as both transmitting and receiving cylinders rotate in unison, the original message is reproduced in fac-simile at positive pole of battery R and thence to earth. When contact is broken between the points 0 and d battery q is put to the line, and the re ceivi'n'g-style makes a'mark. When contact is restored betweenflc and d battery q issfhor't circui'ted from the line, and battery R, thrown into the line by resistance S,- clea'rs the same of tailingsi v It is obvious that-I may employ my mus: mitter in repeating messages from point to point, the message's to'be repeatedbii'igein 3 bois's'ed inthe receiving-instrument by a style worked by an ele'ctro mag'net.

It is further obvious that instead of breakr wfoweeiqr b tw pr nts- 1 d th spring H may make connection with the cam b, or it may both break and make connection for line-clearing or other purposes.

What I claim as my inv ntion, and desire to secure" by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a telegraph-transmitter operated by ernbossedlines, the combination, witha style actuated by shah embossed lines, of apparatus bearing upon the message, by means of which the proper distance of the style from the unfem'bbssed ptrntts' of the message is maintained.

2. In a telegraph-transmitter operating by embossed lines, the combination of a message- 5 holding surface, a gage'bearffig thereon or on i the message,"and a" style actuated by such embossed lines; ,W

WILLIAM EDWARD SAWYER.

Witnesses: 

